Infectious Causes of GI Disease

Inflammatory Causes of GI Disease

Protein-Losing Enteropathies: Diagnosis and Management 

Beyond Immunosuppression: Treatment Options for the GI patient

Inflammatory VS Infectious Hepatic Diseases 

Practical Enteral Feeding 

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) – you can’t treat it if you don’t diagnose it !

• What is the preferred means of diagnosing CKD? Serum creatinine? SDMA? Proteinuria? RenalTech? 
• How should urine protein screening be used in practice? Which test is preferred – dipstick, urine protein:creatinine determination or microalbuminuria?
• Is it actually important to obtain and monitor systemic blood pressure in renal patients? 
• Does a renal tissue biopsy have any clinical relevance to me in general practice?
• Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-inhibitors & Angiotensin Receptor-blockers- what’s the difference and which is better to reduce blood pressure and and urine protein loss?
• Amlodipine- isn’t this the drug for hypertension? When should it be used? 
• When should a prescription renal diet be started in CKD patients? 
• Bone Mineral Derangements in CKD – how should vitamin D, calcium and PTH be addressed?
• Hyperphosphatemia control – this dog/cat doesn’t like oral phosphorus binders – how important is this and what are my options? 
• Appropriate use of erythropoeitin analogs in anemic CKD patients. 
• Appropriate use of fluid therapy, antiemetics, antacids, appetite stimulants and esophagostomy tubes in hyporexic CKD patients. 

Urinary Tract Infection – successful treatment doesn’t always involve the biggest antibiotic !

• What is the difference between a sporadic UTI and a recurrent UTI?
• Honestly, which antibiotic(s) should be used in UTI patients? 
• How long should antibiotic therapy be administered in sporadic UTI? 
• What should I do when sporadic UTIs don’t respond?
• What predisposing disorders should I look for in patients with recurrent UTI?  
• How should I select an appropriate antibiotic in recurrent UTI patients? 
• What follow-up testing is recommended to determine treatment success? 
• What is “asymptomatic” bacteruria and why is it important? 
• What are common causes and how can I prevent recurrent UTI development? 
• Is oral cranberry supplement effective? What about other drugs or supplements? 
• Does improving vulvar and vaginal health help reduce female UTIs?  
• Why consider phenylpropanolamine treatment in UTI patients?
• Feline bacterial UTIs – is the approach different compared to dogs? 
• Special considerations – pyelonephritis, prostatitis, catheter-associated UTI?

Lower Urinary Tract Disorders – to pee or not to pee, that is really the question. 

• Feline Interstitial Cystitis – is it a struvite-related or stress-related disease?
• Is prescription diet therapy necessary in FIC patients?
• Is stress reduction therapy beneficial in FIC patients? 
• Is it critical to unobstruct first or should I consider getting a bit more information?
• Why a local nerve block should be considered in obstructed FIC males?
• Is bladder decompression helpful or harmful?
• To avoid PU surgery, which treatments work best in obstructed FIC patients?
• Is urinary bladder lavage helpful?
• Is there a role for glycosaminoglycans installation in FIC patients?
• Which drug(s) provides the optimal urethral relaxation?
• Which drug(s) is best at reducing urinary bladder spasms?
• Which drug(s) is best at increasing urinary bladder contraction?

• How to use phenylpropanolamine in urinary incontinence management
• How to use estrogen compounds in urinary incontinence management.
• When to consider collagen bulking agent therapy in urinary incontinence.
• When to consider surgical treatment in urinary incontinence management.

• What do I really need to know about medical management of uroliths. Location, location, location
• How to successfully dissolve struvite stones?
• Struvite stones can be dissolved but how do I get rid of those pesky Calcium Oxalate stones ?  
• Ammonium urate stones – never thought I’d see that in a non-Dalmation breed.

• How to easily (and non-invasively) diagnosis uroepithelial carcinoma?